Child Custody Article


How to Represent Yourself in Maricopa County Part 1: Initial Filings

How to represent yourself in Maricopa Family Court Part One: Your Initial Filings


This is the first in a multi-part segment on “How to Represent Yourself in Maricopa County Family Court.” My goal is to give you as much information as possible for you to get the best possible outcome given your objectives.

Determining Your Objectives/Setting Expectations

The first step in family court is that you should determine your objectives. Let’s say you are going through a divorce. I understand your objective is to get divorced. What I am asking is for you to think about what is important to you within your divorce. There are five main issues that will need to be decided:

1. Custody (Legal Decision Making and Parenting Time)
2. Property and Debt Division
3. Child Support
4. Spousal Maintenance
5. Other issues (marital waste, attorneys fees, etc)

Picture your life after divorce with regards to each and every one of the issues above. Be as detailed as possible. Plan your post divorce budget considering where you will live and work. If you have a transition plan to live with family or friends for a brief period of time, think about what your life will look like when you are done with that transition. Deciding you ideal outcome and what is most important to you prior to filing any paperwork is an excellent place to start when you are representing yourself. Consider coming up with your ideal outcome on each issue and then determining what you could live with for each and every issue. Work with a counselor, mentor of friend to do some serious planning.
 
After you have determined your objectives, it is important to understand that the “process” of getting a divorce or going through any family law matter is not a fast one. Setting your expectations to a realistic place will help you get through the process with your mental health in tact and gives you a better chance of meeting your objectives. Plan for a contested case to take a year or more. This is likely to be one of the most stressful events you will endure. Get a support structure in place in advance to help you through the process.

The Initial Court Filings (Petition/Response/Temporary Orders)

The first step in the process of the family court case is the initial filings. This includes the Petition (and all accompanying documents), Affidavit of Service, Response (and all accompanying documents), and potentially filing for temporary orders. You or your spouse must file a Petition for Dissolution with the court and serve the other party. Service must be according to the rules of procedure. Most often this is either through a process server or your spouse accepting service by signing an acceptance of service.

Whoever files the documents first is the “Petitioner” the non-filing spouse is the “Respondent”. You will retain these titles throughout the duration of your case, even in modifications that may come years from now. In reality, it doesn’t really matter if you are the Petitioner or Respondent. There are strategic advantages to both.

What to Include In Your Filing

When deciding how specific you want to be in your petition, ask yourself if your spouse is likely to agree with each and every aspect of what you would like. In the event that the two of you agree on everything, consider filing a very specific petition outlining all of the details of how you would like custody, property division, child support, spousal maintenance and any miscellaneous issues addressed. If you agree on everything, filing a comprehensive petition (with separate parenting plan and child support worksheet) allows the two of you the option to proceed via default. This allows the other party to bypass filing a response (and paying the filing fee for the response).

In the event you and your spouse are not likely to agree on every aspect of the divorce, consider filing a more vague petition with requests such as “child support pursuant to the guidelines” or requesting “an equitable distribution of property and debt”. This allows you to take full advantage of the discovery process without committing yourself to a position that may change.

A Brief Introduction to Discovery

 In discovery, you will have access to information that you may not have previously had. For instance, if you spouse owns a business you may want to have it valuated before you commit to your spouse taking the business in exchange for you keeping the house. You will likely need to discover how much of your retirement accounts are community property (earned during marriage) and how much might be separate (premarital) property. Leaving your petition rather vague gives you the opportunity to gather more information as you refine your position. By becoming educated on the law, you can better assess your position of what is fair or what you can live with during your divorce. It can also help you to negotiate what is really important to you. For instance, let’s say you learn that you spouse spent $50,000 in secret gambling over the last three years. You may have a marital waste claim for $25,000. Instead, you may use that potential claim to settle other issues in the case that are very important to you.

The Response

Likewise, if you are the Respondent filing a response, consider also filing a “counter-petition” to address any issues that your spouse may have failed to mention. Also, you do not need to follow the traditional “admit or deny” format for each paragraph of the Petition. You can instead “plead affirmatively” and tell the court what you want. This allows your Response to be understood without having the Petition read side by side. All of the above guidance and suggestions apply to the response except for the paragraph regarding default. A respondent cannot ask for a default judgment on an initial divorce filing.

Motion For Temporary Orders

Finally, both Petitioner and Respondent may file a “Motion for Temporary Orders” along with the Petition or the Response. The request for temporary orders allows you to request that the court implement an order for temporary spousal maintenance, child support, use of the home, payment of the bills, attorneys fees, etc. In my experience about half of all cases have a temporary order in place. This is because divorce may take a year or more. In the mean time, arrangements have to be made. If the parties are unable to agree on the details of the arrangements, the court will need to put orders in place that allow for parenting time, payment of bills, and where someone will live. Other issues that may need to be addressed include where the kids will go to school, whether or not a child will be given a certain medication, travel arrangements between visits. Any issue that cannot be decided by the parties may be decided by the court as long as it falls within one of the five topics outlined above. Final Thoughts The next installment in the series will cover rule 49 mandatory disclosures and other discovery tools available to you.

Contributing Attorney Writer: Billie Tarascio litigates family law and domestic violence cases at Modern Law.


Comments:

QUESTIONS

  • Due to domestic violence/ child support I have received permanent guardianship of my 16 year old niece. Her Mother is still paying child support to the Father in another county. How do I get that paid to me and also get a child support order in place for the Father? Is there any SSI or govt assistance I can get help from?
  • mi hija tiene 11 anos y tengo su justodia en mexico x q me case en mexico y el divorsio se llevo acabo en mexico la nina es ciudadana americana y su papa nunca se ha echo cargo de ella y no le interesa la nina ella lo conoce y el nunca a tratado de acercarse a eela si no obtiene algo acambio yo estoy casada de nuevo y queremos q la nina lleve el apeido de la familia poe que a sido complicado para ella no tener el apeido de la familia y aparte ella considera a mi esposo su papa y no al padre q la enjendro, ella convive cn mis esposo desde el 2004y el se a encargado de todo.
  • I am representing myself in a modification of child custody.We have a trial set for November of this year. Throught all of the proceedings my ex-husband has not responded or filed any countering affidavits. His wife is now saying she will represent him in court as she has power of attorney over him. He is out of the country for 3 years (the courts are aware of this) but he is not with the military. Does the POA give his wife any ability to represent him? File statements or court documents on his behalf?
  • I have been taking care of my 2 children without their mothers help for about 2 years now. She hasnt seen them for almost a year and hasnt even trid to contact them for 6 months now. How do i go about getting full custody of them so she has no rights. She has disappeared off the map and i have no way of contacting her.
  • After a lengthy custody battle, where the mother changed her mind about custody many times, my fiance won sole physical custody and joint legal decision making. The mother was only granted every other weekend due to abuse, neglect and drug convictions. The children and dad lived with dad's mother, where once he got a job he left the kids in the care of their paternal grandmother, who then allowed the mother to move in. The mother has since turned the oldest child against his dad, but my fiance wants his son to move in with me so that he can see him. What can be done? Should we call the cops?
  • I have twin girls that are 9 months old. The biological father has had no contact since they were born. I took him to court for child support. He now has started paying child support and want 50% legal custody.He still does not want any contact with them but would like his rights go to his mother. Can he get his rights and give them to his mother
  • The mother of my 2 children left for 8 months and i took care of them got a restraining order but wasnt served because she was nowhere to be found...of she tries to take my kids what do i do
  • My ex-wife and I sought mediation to end our marriage and have custody agreements regarding our two children. I am the non-custodial parent in the agreement. Recently I have been offered a job in another state but want to be sure I know my rights when move across state lines in reference to visitation with my children in the State of Arizona? I'd like to know that I have right to see my children for half their major school breaks and such...thanks for your help.
  • I need help with custody of nonparent information.

  • My daughter is 15 years old. She doesn’t want to visit her dad anymore because he never took care of her and was abusive. What can I do?

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  • State Bar of Arizona
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  • Maricopa County Bar
    www.maricopabar.org
    Referral number 602-257-4434
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    www.pimacountybar.org
    Referral number 520-623-4625
  • National Domestic Violence Hotline
    800-799-7233
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  • Certified Legal Document Preparer Program
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