Child Custody Article


How to Represent Yourself in Maricopa County Part 1: Initial Filings

How to represent yourself in Maricopa Family Court Part One: Your Initial Filings


This is the first in a multi-part segment on “How to Represent Yourself in Maricopa County Family Court.” My goal is to give you as much information as possible for you to get the best possible outcome given your objectives.

Determining Your Objectives/Setting Expectations

The first step in family court is that you should determine your objectives. Let’s say you are going through a divorce. I understand your objective is to get divorced. What I am asking is for you to think about what is important to you within your divorce. There are five main issues that will need to be decided:

1. Custody (Legal Decision Making and Parenting Time)
2. Property and Debt Division
3. Child Support
4. Spousal Maintenance
5. Other issues (marital waste, attorneys fees, etc)

Picture your life after divorce with regards to each and every one of the issues above. Be as detailed as possible. Plan your post divorce budget considering where you will live and work. If you have a transition plan to live with family or friends for a brief period of time, think about what your life will look like when you are done with that transition. Deciding you ideal outcome and what is most important to you prior to filing any paperwork is an excellent place to start when you are representing yourself. Consider coming up with your ideal outcome on each issue and then determining what you could live with for each and every issue. Work with a counselor, mentor of friend to do some serious planning.
 
After you have determined your objectives, it is important to understand that the “process” of getting a divorce or going through any family law matter is not a fast one. Setting your expectations to a realistic place will help you get through the process with your mental health in tact and gives you a better chance of meeting your objectives. Plan for a contested case to take a year or more. This is likely to be one of the most stressful events you will endure. Get a support structure in place in advance to help you through the process.

The Initial Court Filings (Petition/Response/Temporary Orders)

The first step in the process of the family court case is the initial filings. This includes the Petition (and all accompanying documents), Affidavit of Service, Response (and all accompanying documents), and potentially filing for temporary orders. You or your spouse must file a Petition for Dissolution with the court and serve the other party. Service must be according to the rules of procedure. Most often this is either through a process server or your spouse accepting service by signing an acceptance of service.

Whoever files the documents first is the “Petitioner” the non-filing spouse is the “Respondent”. You will retain these titles throughout the duration of your case, even in modifications that may come years from now. In reality, it doesn’t really matter if you are the Petitioner or Respondent. There are strategic advantages to both.

What to Include In Your Filing

When deciding how specific you want to be in your petition, ask yourself if your spouse is likely to agree with each and every aspect of what you would like. In the event that the two of you agree on everything, consider filing a very specific petition outlining all of the details of how you would like custody, property division, child support, spousal maintenance and any miscellaneous issues addressed. If you agree on everything, filing a comprehensive petition (with separate parenting plan and child support worksheet) allows the two of you the option to proceed via default. This allows the other party to bypass filing a response (and paying the filing fee for the response).

In the event you and your spouse are not likely to agree on every aspect of the divorce, consider filing a more vague petition with requests such as “child support pursuant to the guidelines” or requesting “an equitable distribution of property and debt”. This allows you to take full advantage of the discovery process without committing yourself to a position that may change.

A Brief Introduction to Discovery

 In discovery, you will have access to information that you may not have previously had. For instance, if you spouse owns a business you may want to have it valuated before you commit to your spouse taking the business in exchange for you keeping the house. You will likely need to discover how much of your retirement accounts are community property (earned during marriage) and how much might be separate (premarital) property. Leaving your petition rather vague gives you the opportunity to gather more information as you refine your position. By becoming educated on the law, you can better assess your position of what is fair or what you can live with during your divorce. It can also help you to negotiate what is really important to you. For instance, let’s say you learn that you spouse spent $50,000 in secret gambling over the last three years. You may have a marital waste claim for $25,000. Instead, you may use that potential claim to settle other issues in the case that are very important to you.

The Response

Likewise, if you are the Respondent filing a response, consider also filing a “counter-petition” to address any issues that your spouse may have failed to mention. Also, you do not need to follow the traditional “admit or deny” format for each paragraph of the Petition. You can instead “plead affirmatively” and tell the court what you want. This allows your Response to be understood without having the Petition read side by side. All of the above guidance and suggestions apply to the response except for the paragraph regarding default. A respondent cannot ask for a default judgment on an initial divorce filing.

Motion For Temporary Orders

Finally, both Petitioner and Respondent may file a “Motion for Temporary Orders” along with the Petition or the Response. The request for temporary orders allows you to request that the court implement an order for temporary spousal maintenance, child support, use of the home, payment of the bills, attorneys fees, etc. In my experience about half of all cases have a temporary order in place. This is because divorce may take a year or more. In the mean time, arrangements have to be made. If the parties are unable to agree on the details of the arrangements, the court will need to put orders in place that allow for parenting time, payment of bills, and where someone will live. Other issues that may need to be addressed include where the kids will go to school, whether or not a child will be given a certain medication, travel arrangements between visits. Any issue that cannot be decided by the parties may be decided by the court as long as it falls within one of the five topics outlined above. Final Thoughts The next installment in the series will cover rule 49 mandatory disclosures and other discovery tools available to you.

Contributing Attorney Writer: Billie Tarascio litigates family law and domestic violence cases at Modern Law.


Comments:

QUESTIONS

  • I have a 22 month old daughter and I am 7 months pregnant with my son. My children have the same father and we are not married. He was incarcerated for the first 10 months of our daughter's life and recently went back to jail in January. He is looking at 6-8 years but possibly taking a plea agreement for 3-5 years. He is a drug addict that has been in and out of treatment for years. Can I file abandonment on him since he is incarcerated, has a long history of drug usage and multiple felonies?
  • My wife and are married, both women, and we both are on my child's birth certificate. she is his biological mother. The problem is She about a month a half ago left to a friend's and didn't come back for 2 weeks. When she returned, she promised to get help by going to a rehab for pills, and heroin use. She then about a week later disappeared in the middle of the night at 2:30am while we all slept, to NM where she was using heroin again, admitting all of this through text messages which I still have. She is now threatening to come and take my son from me and not give him back. What can I do?
  • My husband and I have partial custody of our 11 year old son. His child parenting plan states that he is only see his son every other weekend for a total of 6 days a month. His mother and stepfather are constantly traveling for work. We end up having him 50-75% of the month. He feels unloved in the other home. At what age can my step son choose to live with us or with them. We are from Minnesota, but permanently reside in Arizona now.
  • Hello, I am having trouble with my ex to help out with my son economically. He doesn’t see him much except sometimes every other weekend. He doesn’t help with school expenses or clothing I mean nothing I haven’t gone to court but I want to know if I could deny him to see my son if he is not supportive ?
  • can i choose which parent i want to live with, if not, what age can i?
  • I have a court order set an my kids dad isn't following the order. I have joint custody an decision making but he does not include me in anything he even has text messages saying how dose it feel to not be apart of my kids life decisions. He hasn't provided me a insuraurence Card even sayin in text it's not important. I still believe there is drugs abuse as well as alcohol . I'm order to pay child support an I made a large payment for the full year now he is requesting me to pay more because he can't pay for the school that he had to have my child to go to. I
  • My ex girlfriend and myself had a child out of wedlock . We both live in Arizona she lives in Florence , and I live in Tucson . Can I file family law paperwork in Tucson
  • where do i go to find information on parenting classes
  • My wife is threatning me to move out of state with my 3 yr old daughter. We don't live together now but I am still a legal guardian and the father on the birth certificate. What should I do to keep her from taking my child.
  • my husband wants to adopted my oldest son, he has been taking care of him since he was 3 years old. my son biological father pays child support but has not since my son for years now and my son wants nothing to do with him. would my husband be alt to adopted him we have been married for 2 years but have been together for more then 10 years .

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